Wednesday, April 04, 2007

More Servlet Spec Wish-List Ideas

I'm thinking back to an earlier post about Servlet Spec 2.5 and what's missing.

Here's a few more ideas, based on implementing Tapestry 5 and other things besides. My previous ideas still stand.

web.xml introspection: It would be great to know what's going on inside web.xml. An API to query the web.xml meta-data and learn the names and mappings of the other servlets and filters would be great. Tapestry 5 acts as a filter and it would be handy if it could know what other servlets were in the WAR to help it decide whether to process a URL as inside Tapestry, or let another servlet handle it.

Event registration: Many of the listeners possible with the servlet API only apply to objects created by the servlet container's brain-dead IoC container. If my code needs to recerive notifications as a say, HttpSessionAttributeListener, I currently have to put together a Rube Goldberg machine in order to receive those notifications. There should be an API, perhaps attached to the ServletContext object, for registering for such notifications.

Quality of Service: Currently we have single server or clustered. Single server is not scalable beyond a certain point. Clustered causes a lot of problems managing data and introduces lots of overhead in terms of copying session attributes around the cluster.

I would like at least one additional level of service: non-replicated cluster. It assumes sticky sessions such that all requests for a given session are handled by a single box within the cluster. If that box fails, then future requests will be sent to a different box within the cluster, and the application will receive a notification that data has been lost.

Really, most non-financial applications can survive a rare loss of data midway through a session, and having this intermediate service level would allow the vast majority of applications to scale much, much higher than is possible today. I've previously implemented something like this by storing an object in the HttpSession that contained a Map in a transient variable.

Concurrency documentation: Many objects in the Servlet API are shared between threads (ServletContext, HttpSession) and it would be good form, and very useful, to know the proper semantics there. Futher, there needs to be better documentation for application and framework developers about the implications thereof.

In light of what I've learned about the Java Memory Model from Brian Goetz (and his book, Java Concurrency in Practice) any non-synchronized access to a shared object, say a mutable object stored into the HttpSession, is suspect: a potential source of scary, non-reproduceable, intermittent concurrency bugs.

Should all methods of such objects be synchronized? Can the servlet container acquire a lock when the HttpSession is accessed and hold it for the application for the remainder of the request (that would be handy!). Could there be an API for allowing the framework/application to manage access to HttpSession variables?

It's clear that the HttpSession API was designed to store small, immutable objects such as Strings and Integers. It is also clear that most applications don't use it this way (though Tapestry is a little better because it mostly stores individual page fields in the session, which are often small immutables, whereas most frameworks and applications store more complex state holding mutable objects).

... well, I've run out of steam, but I'll be racking my brains for more ideas like these.

4 comments:

  1. You're on to our secret, Howard! Applications that use sessions, for the most part, only work by accident.

    I'll give you a hint, though: things get a lot better if requests on a session are serialized. Which shouldn't affect QoS too badly, as requests on a session don't frequently come in concurrently anyway.

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  2. Some pretty good suggestions. I hope you forward them to the servlet committee.

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  3. Would also love the container, if configured for debug, to have an API into the container itself. Be able to see how many sessions are active, the size of the sessions, time till expires, etc.

    Some of our http sessions/ developers have gone out of control. We are seeing a rather complex app start taking over a gig of memory. Would like to iterate over the sessions and find the keys of those who are taking large amounts of memory and track it back to the "struts" app.

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  4. Ed, what you need is MessAdmin! It does exactly what you want (and even more)... Check it out! :)

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